PostgreSQL源码搭建从零开始，一步步实践指南pg电子源码搭建

PostgreSQL源码搭建从零开始，一步步实践指南pg电子源码搭建，

本文目录导读：

1. 硬件和软件准备
2. 编译PostgreSQL源码
3. 配置PostgreSQL
4. 测试和优化

PostgreSQL（PostgreSQL）是一个功能强大、开源的数据库管理系统，广泛应用于企业级应用和研究项目中，如果你是第一次接触PostgreSQL，或者想从零开始搭建PostgreSQL服务器，这篇文章将为你提供详细的指导和实践步骤。

PostgreSQL是一个高度可定制的数据库,支持多种操作系统和编程语言，如果你是开发者、系统管理员或数据库爱好者，这篇文章将帮助你了解如何从源码开始搭建PostgreSQL服务器，通过手动编译和配置PostgreSQL，你可以深入理解其内部机制，并根据自己的需求进行定制。

硬件和软件准备

1 硬件要求

搭建PostgreSQL服务器需要以下硬件配置：

• 至少4GB的内存（推荐8GB）
• 10GB的硬盘空间（推荐20GB）
• 64位操作系统（Windows 10、Ubuntu Linux等）

2 软件准备

安装必要的软件工具：

• 编译工具：gcc, make, autoconf, automake, libtool
• 系统工具：apt-get（Ubuntu）或msYS（Windows）
• 其他工具：wget, ssh, rm, ls

3 下载PostgreSQL源码

从PostgreSQL官方网站下载最新的源码：

1. 访问https://www.postgresql.org/
2. 点击“Download”按钮
3. 根据需要选择64位版本
4. 下载完成后,解压源码：

   ./postgres-13.3-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz

编译PostgreSQL源码

1 配置环境变量

在编译前,需要设置一些环境变量：

export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

2 配置PostgreSQL源码

PostgreSQL源码位于/usr/lib/postgresql-13.3/config目录，在编译前，需要配置一些参数：

cp /usr/lib/postgresql-13.3/config/postgresql.conf.sample /etc/postgresql/postgresql.conf

3 编译PostgreSQL源码

编译PostgreSQL源码的命令如下：

./make -j4

• -j4表示使用4个内核加速编译
• 如果你的系统没有足够的内存,可以调整内核数量

4 检查编译结果

编译完成后,PostgreSQL将生成以下目录：

• /usr/lib/postgresql-13.3 Bin：包含PostgreSQL二进制文件
• /usr/lib/postgresql-13.3/data：包含数据库文件
• /usr/local/bin/postgresql：PostgreSQL命令行工具

配置PostgreSQL

1 设置环境变量

为了确保PostgreSQL能够正常运行,需要设置一些环境变量：

export POSTGRES_USER=root
export POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your_password
export POSTGRES_HOST=127.0.0.1
export POSTGRES_PORT=5432

2 配置数据库目录

PostgreSQL默认将数据库文件存储在/var/lib/postgresql/data目录下，如果需要更改路径，可以执行以下命令：

sudo chown postgres:postgres /var/lib/postgresql/data
sudo chgrp postgres postgres /var/lib/postgresql/data

3 启动PostgreSQL服务

启动PostgreSQL服务：

sudo systemctl start postgresql
sudo systemctl enable postgresql

4 设置安全参数

为了确保PostgreSQL的安全性,可以执行以下命令：

sudo systemctl add.service postgresql
sudo systemctl setunits postgresql [unit=network:NetworkAcceptAnyProtocol=1]
sudo systemctl enable postgresql

测试和优化

1 测试PostgreSQL服务

检查PostgreSQL服务是否正常运行：

sudo systemctl status postgresql

2 连接到PostgreSQL

使用psql命令连接到PostgreSQL：

sudo psql -U root -d test

3 添加测试数据库

创建一个测试数据库：

sudo -u root psql -c "CREATE DATABASE test;"

4 优化PostgreSQL性能

为了优化PostgreSQL的性能,可以执行以下操作：

1. 增加内存分配：

   sudo tee /etc/postgresql/postgresql.conf << EOF
   DB Memory Allocator=libstdc++.so.6
   DB Pool Allocator=libstdc++.so.6
   DB Log File Size=16M
   DB Log File=pglog
   DB Log Directory=/var/log/postgresql
   DB Index Index Method=GiST
   DB Index Index Method=Hash
   DB Index Index Method=Trie
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented
   DB Index Index Method=Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Ring Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Sort-Tile Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Segmented Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=Hash Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree
   DB Index Index Method=GiST Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree

PostgreSQL源码搭建从零开始，一步步实践指南pg电子源码搭建，